Petroleum refining | Definition, History, Processes, & Facts
Petroleum refining, conversion of crude oil into useful products, including fuel oils, gasoline (petrol), asphalt, and kerosene. Learn more about petroleum refining, including its history and the various processes used to create the different products.
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Texas petroleum drilling and refining examined | Britannica
Visit an oil rig in Texas's Permian Basin and learn how petroleum is pumped and refined along the Gulf Coast
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Fat and oil processing
Fat and oil processing - Pressing, Refining, Fractionation: With many oil-bearing seeds and nuts, rendering will not liberate the oil from the cellular structures in which it is held . In these cases the cell walls are broken by grinding, flaking, rolling, or pressing under high pressures to …
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Petroleum refining
Petroleum refining - Cracking, Fractional Distillation, Catalytic Reforming: Each petroleum refinery is uniquely configured to process a specific raw material into a desired slate of products.
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Petroleum production
Petroleum production - Drilling, Refining, Extraction: Early oil wells were drilled with impact-type tools in a method called cable-tool drilling. A weighted chisel-shaped bit was suspended from a cable to a lever at the surface, where an up-and-down motion of the lever caused the bit to chip away the rock at the bottom of the hole.
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Petroleum refining
Each refinery is uniquely designed to process specific crude oils into selected products. In order to meet the business objectives of the refinery, the process designer selects from an array of basic processing units. In general, these units perform one of three functions: (1) separating the many types of hydrocarbon present in crude oils into ...
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Crude oil | Definition, Characteristics, & Facts | Britannica
The primary destination of crude oil is a refinery. There any combination of three basic functions is carried out: (1) separating the many types of hydrocarbon present in crude oils into fractions of more closely related properties, (2) chemically converting the separated hydrocarbons into more desirable reaction products, and (3) purifying the ...
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fat and oil processing
Fat and oil processing, method by which animal and plant substances are prepared for eating by humans. The oil and fat products used for edible purposes can be divided into two distinct classes: liquid oils and plastic fats.
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Petroleum refining
All petroleum refineries throughout the world employ at least crude oil distillation units to separate naturally occurring fractions for further use, but those which employ distillation alone are limited in their yield of valuable transportation fuels.
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Fat and oil processing
Water refining, usually called degumming, consists of treating the natural oil with a small amount of water, followed by centrifugal separation. The process is applied to many oils that contain phospholipids in significant amounts.
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