Frozen in Time: The Antarctic Mineral Resource …
4 Mineral resource exploitation in Antarctica is not economically feasible at this time. Commentators disagree, however, as to the continent's future mineral potential. See F.G. Larminie, Mineral Resources: Commercial Prospects for Antarctic Minerals, in THE ANTARCTIC TRAT REGIME 176 (Gillian D. Triggs ed. 1987).
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The mineral resources of Antarctica: progress in their …
Antarctic Resources Policy - September 1983. The increment in information. Careful geological investigations started at a few places in Antarctica after World War II, but gained momentum and became systematic only when the International Geophysical Year started, and when SCAR and its Working Group on Geology were established just 25 years ago.
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Petroleum and mineral resources of Antarctica
No known petroleum or mineral resources occur in Antarctica. The data on these subjects have been collected, mainly since the IGY (International Geophysical Year), 1957-58, as a part of other research carried out by geologists and geophysicists from a number of countries. Specific resource-related studies have not been made. Wright and Williams (1974) summarized what …
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Potential Mineral Resources in Antarctica
Chapter 4--Potential Mineral Resources in Antarctica 95 Box 4-A—Mineral Resources and Reserves A general classification for describing the status of mineral occurrences was developed by theU.S. Geo- logical Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1976. The so-called ''McKelvey Box"named after the then-
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Basic conditions for the exploration and exploitation of mineral
Book contents. Frontmatter; Contents; List of contributors; 1 Antarctic resources policy: an introduction; Part one The state of Antarctic knowledge and experience; Part two The policy for the conservation of the living resources of Antarctica; Part three The policy for the exploration and exploitation of the mineral resources of Antarctica; 11 Geologic data and its …
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Resources in Antarctica
Figure 2:2 Mineral Resources in Antarctica .....10 Figure 2:3 Political Obstacles necessary to overcome for peaceful exploitation.....14 . GCAS 2003 Syndicate Report: Antarctic Resources vi List of Abbreviations ATCPs Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties ATS Antarctic Treaty System ...
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ANTARCTIC MINERAL RESOURCES
ANTARCTIC MINERAL RESOURCES Subject: ANTARCTIC MINERAL RESOURCES Keywords Approved (FOrl7elease 2006/09/26 : CIA-RD~85T00875A6019OfYb10033-1 30 November 1973 l I ?fORA?JDUM I'OR: ATTS:NTION SUI)JECT : Antarctic Mineral Resources acsais3ttnco, plaaie contact erial in nupport our conversation of 16 November. If we can be of further C e, …
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The Politics Of Mineral Resource Development In …
Originally published in 1984. Antarctica can no longer be considered merely a highly specialized area of interest to a relative handful of explorers and scientists. World political leaders who, in an era of resource politics, are looking to …
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Mining in Antarctica – Australian Antarctic …
Mining in Antarctica is banned indefinitely by the Protocol on Environmental Protection (the Madrid Protocol). This important agreement came into force in January 1998. Before then, the economic challenge of mining in Antarctica …
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Antarctic mineral resources: negotiations for a mineral …
The geology of Antarctica is something best left to others, but very much in laymen's terms, and in summary, such geological evidence as there is suggests that mineral …
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Mineral Resources Potential of Antarctica | Antarctic …
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Antarctic Research Series, Volume 51.Interest in the potential mineral resources of Antarctica has been expressed throughout the history of exploration of the continent. This volume of the Antarctic Research Series results from an attempt to assemble a summary of current factual knowledge and scientific data related to …
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Mineral resources
Could climate change and associated ice loss reveal significant mineral deposits and make the Antarctic more accessible and drilling easier? Could vital supplies of oil in other areas run out, making Antarctic oil, if discovered, economically …
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The Politics Of Mineral Resource Development In Antarctica
The Politics Of Mineral Resource Development In Antarctica . DOI link for The Politics Of Mineral Resource Development In Antarctica. The Politics Of Mineral Resource Development In Antarctica. Alternative Regimes For The Future By William E Westermeyer. Edition 1st Edition. First Published 1984.
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Regulation of Mineral Resource Activities in Antarctica
Mineral resource activities in Antarctica were brought to the agenda at the 6th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM) held in Tokyo for the first time in 1970. The Convention on the ...
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The Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic …
Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities addresses these and other issues. This chapter describes and evaluates this new treaty. The Minerals Convention was adopted on June 2, 1988, after 6 years of negotiations. It applies to the same area as the Antarctic Treaty, or all land, ice
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Mining
The Environmental Protocol bans all mineral resource activities in Antarctica (other than scientific research). The control of possible mining was first raised within the Antarctic Treaty System by the UK and New Zealand in 1970 as they had been approached by minerals companies about possible commercial geophysical exploration in the Southern Ocean.
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THE ANTARTIC TREATY NATIONS: THE MINERAL RESOURCES …
Antarctic Mineral Resources Antarctica has been only superficially explored, but it is almost certain that the continent contains mineral resources similar to those of South America, Africa, and Australia-which, together with Antarctica, once formed the super continent called Gondwana. A vari- ety of mineral occurrences has been found in Antarc ...
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Antarctic Mining Might Be Possible: From Finding Gold to …
28 June 1976, RPS-10 (US) Annex C "Antarctic mineral resources", in: July 1976, "Report of the Australian Delegation to the Special Preparatory Meeting of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties on the Exploration and Exploitation of the Mineral Resources of Antarctica" (AAD: B13/197).
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Antarctic Governance
The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty officially designates Antarctica as a 'natural reserve, devoted to peace and science,' and implements a ban on any 'activities relating to Antarctic mineral resources, …
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Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource …
In June 1988, at the final session of the Fourth Special Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting in Wellington, New Zealand, the Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA) was adopted, bringing to a successful conclusion six years of negotiations.
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DEEP-SEA mining: Policy options to preserve the last frontier …
This research approach is framed around an examination of the 1988 Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA), a regime developed …
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Mineral resources of Antarctica (Technical Report)
Related Information: Full paper part of USGS-CIRC-909, Petroleum and mineral resources of Antarctica Country of Publication: United States Language: English. Similar Records. High-precision 10 Be chronology of moraines in the Southern Alps indicates synchronous cooling in Antarctica and New Zealand 42,000 years ago.
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CONVENTION ON THE REGULATION OF ANTARCTIC …
No Antarctic mineral resource activities shall be conducted except in accordance with this Convention and measures in effect pursuant to it and, in the case of exploration or development, with a Management Scheme approved pursuant to Article 48 or 54. Article 4
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Antarctic mineral resources: Looking to the future of
Request PDF | Antarctic mineral resources: Looking to the future of the Environmental Protocol | On-going trade wars combined with the increasing consumption and depletion of known resources will ...
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The definition of a regime on Antarctic mineral resources: …
The definition of a regime on Antarctic mineral resources has begun to be the object of discussion both among the Consultative Parties to the 1959 Treaty, and, from a more general …
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Mineral resources of Antarctica | U.S. Geological Survey
Although the existence of mineral deposits in Antarctica is highly probable, the chances of finding them are quite small. Minerals have been found there in great variety but only as occurrences. Manganese nodules, water (as ice), geothermal energy, coal, petroleum, and natural gas …
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In 30 years the Antarctic Treaty becomes …
In other words, 30 years from now in 2048, the ATCPs could reject anti-mining regulation and start stripping Antarctica of its mineral resources, diverting the continent towards a radically ...
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Mineral resources (Chapter 6)
Antarctica: The Next Decade - October 1987. Reading this extravagent assertion about the search [sic] for hydrocarbons in Antarctica, one immediately asks how this accords with the facts.Even assuming that there are hydrocarbon or other mineral resources, could they be exploited economically and in an environmentally acceptable way?
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Antarctic mineral resources: Looking to the future of the …
Antarctica is particular among the world's continents in that it has no native population and state sovereignty; the continent has also been identified as potentially …
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China and the future of the Antarctic mining ban
Known formally as the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, the great achievement of this agreement is in protecting Antarctica's unique and vulnerable environment under a prohibition of mineral resource activities, widely known as a mining ban. However, Article 25 does provide an opportunity to review the mining ban ...
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