Rare Earth Hydrides and Hydrogen Storage Alloys
Optimization of A side (rare earth) components in AB 5 alloys. (2) Optimization of B side elements in AB 5 alloys. The characteristics of some rare earth hydrides are summarized in a table. For example, when Metal hydride is LaNi 5 H 6.0, hydrogen content/% is 1.4, decomposition pressure/MPa is 0.4 (50 ℃), and heat of formation (1 mol H 2)/kJ ...
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Research Progress on Preparation of Rare Earth Magnesium Alloys …
[Show full abstract] of rare earth elements in the molten salt was more than 99 mass% from the controlled potential electrolysis process, not accounting for the molten salt component. Rare earth ...
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Recovery of rare earths, lithium, and fluorine from rare earth molten
Rare earths (REs) are strategic resources and key raw materials for a range of industries [1].Owing to their unique physical and chemical properties, REs are widely applied in high-tech fields, such as permanent magnets, catalysts, and etc. [[2], [3], [4]].Currently, RE metals or alloys are mainly produced by molten salt electrolysis, metal thermal reduction, or the …
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Recovery of Rare Earths from Rare-Earth Melt Electrolysis …
Most rare-earth metals and alloys in the world are produced through molten salt electrolysis, resulting in the creation of a substantial amount of rare-earth melt electrolysis slag (RMES) that contains high levels of rare-earth elements (REEs) and holds significant recycling value. The key to efficiently recycling REEs from RMES lies in the conversion of rare-earth …
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Research Status of Electrolytic Preparation of Rare Earth …
China's rare earth reserves and consumption are the highest in the world. Rare earth metals and alloys play a pivotal role in the domains of permanent magnetic materials, hydrogen storage materials, luminescent materials, abrasive materials, etc. The molten salt electrolysis process is the most widely used method for producing light rare earth metals …
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Research progress in the preparation of rare earth alloys by molten
Rare earth alloys can be prepared through the methods of melting, metallothermic reduction, and molten salt electrolysis. Compared to the former two methods, the molten salt electrolysis method has several advantages: the production cost is lower, the composition of the rare earth alloys is uniform and easy control, and the quality of the rare earth alloys is …
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Progress in preparation of rare earth metals and alloys by
Rare earth (RE) metals and their alloys based on rare earth and light or transition metals are widely used in different fields of modern technology …
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Frontiers | Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Sulfuric Acid …
As shown in Figure 1, the XRD analysis shows that the main mineralogical phase in the rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag are NdF 3, (Nd,Pr)F 3, NdOF, LiF and Fe 3 O 4.As shown in Figure 2, The rare earth phase in non-magnetic fraction exists in the form of rare earth fluoride, and there are also small amounts of hematite, limonite, olivine, and occasionally …
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Separation of antimony from lead-antimony alloy by molten salt electrolysis
In this paper, we proposed a molten salt electrolysis method to remove Sb from Pb. In molten NaCl-CaCl 2, calcium (Ca) was selectively alloyed with Sb to generate a solid Ca-Sb layer at the top of the liquid Pb cathode because of the different alloying potentials of Ca with Sb and Pb.Because of the very high melting point and relatively low density, the solid Ca-Sb …
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Recovery and separation of rare earth elements by molten …
Abstract. With the increasing demand of rare earth metals in functional materials, recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from secondary resources has become important for …
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Phase Equilibrium Study of Rare Earth Oxide–Fluoride Salt
The applications of rare earth metals and alloys are becoming increasingly widespread and there is a strong market demand. Currently, most of the production enterprises adopt the fluoride–oxide system for electrolytic preparation of rare earth metals and alloys. The solubility of rare earth oxides in molten salt directly affects the selection of operational …
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Recovery of rare earths, lithium, and fluorine from rare earth molten
Currently, more than 90% of the world's rare earth metals (REMs) and alloys are produced by molten salt electrolysis, and a large amount of rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag is generated every year, which contains a high content of REEs and has a …
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Assessing the environmental footprint of the production of rare earth …
China as the dominant producer of REEs is currently supplying more than 80% of the total global demand (Chu and Majumdar, 2012; Hellman and Duncan, 2014).In seven provinces in southern China, production of rare earth elements from ion adsorption clays ores with 0.02–1% of rare earth oxides (REOs) is carried out via in-situ leaching using ion …
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Selective extraction of rare earths and lithium from rare earth
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106711 Corpus ID: 228891564; Selective extraction of rare earths and lithium from rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag by sulfation @article{Wang2021SelectiveEO, title={Selective extraction of rare earths and lithium from rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag by sulfation}, author={Jinliang Wang and Huazhou …
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Research Progress in Preparation and Purification of Rare …
With the wide applications of rare earth metals, the increasing demand for high-purity rare earth metals has stimulated the rapid development of preparation technology. At …
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Kinetic analysis of the cathodic reduction processes in molten salt …
Molten salt electrolysis methods can be categorized into two groups: the first involves dissolving metal-containing compounds in molten salt to generate ions that migrate to the cathode under the influence of concentration gradient, convectional and migrational force [22], [23], [24], where they acquire electrons to form metals at the cathode ...
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Recovery of rare earths, lithium and fluorine from rare earth molten
Currently, production equipment of rare earth metal or alloy worldwide involves the manual operation of a 3000-A electrolytic cell. Therefore, a considerable quantity of non-rare earth impurities accumulates in rare earth molten salt during the process of rare earth metal discharge, anode replacement, regular furnace cleaning, and furnace dismantling; making it …
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Rare Earth Metal Production Via Molten-Salt Electrolysis
Overall: 2NdCl 3 → 2Nd (solid) + 3Cl 2. This process has several distinct advantages. Utilizing the chlorine reaction eliminates the need for a sacial anode material …
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Development on Molten Salt Electrolytic Methods and …
Corpus ID: 139109294; Development on Molten Salt Electrolytic Methods and Technology for Preparing Rare Earth Metals and Alloys in China @inproceedings{Sining2011DevelopmentOM, title={Development on Molten Salt Electrolytic Methods and Technology for Preparing Rare Earth Metals and Alloys in China}, author={Pang Sining and Yang Shihong and Li Zongan …
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Rare Earth Metal Production Via Molten-Salt Electrolysis
The Hall-Héroult process, developed in 1885, utilizes a molten salt electrolyte to electrochemically produce aluminum metal (Al) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) from aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) and carbon. 1–3 Similar molten salt techniques have been developed for a variety of other metals including the rare earth metal Neodymium (Nd). Neodymium is ...
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Recovery of rare earths, lithium, and fluorine from rare earth …
A novel green method for the recovery of rare earths (REs), fluorine (F), and lithium (Li) from rare earth molten salt electrolytic slag (REMSES) was proposed and demonstrated …
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Preparation of Al-Sc Alloys by Molten Salt Electrolysis
On the base of a discussion in all kinds of production methods of Al-Sc alloy, the molten salt electrolysis method was used to produce Al-Sc alloy directively. It is found that as the current density increasing, the concentration of Sc in alloy increases gradually. The maximal concentration of Sc can be 1 5%. But as the MR is increased, the concentration of Sc …
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Progress in preparation of rare earth metals and alloys by
Using molten salt as medium provides a unique opportunity for the electrowinning and electrorefining of high-purity RE metals, as well as for the electrochemical formation of …
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Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Production of …
Chloride-based molten salt electrolysis of NdCl 3 (1.65 M) added to a LiCl–KCl eutectic (45:55 wt %), while using a RuO 2-coated DSA enables high Coulombic efficiency (>80%), low specific energy consumption (2.3 …
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The Production of Rare Earth based Magnesium and …
Aluminum; magnesium; rare earth; alloy production; metallothermic reduction; molten salt; electrolysis 1. Introduction Aluminum and magnesium are classified as light metals (LM) because their specific gravities are relatively low (2.70 and 1.74, ... While several RE compounds could be added to make the alloy (e.g. oxides and halides), the most ...
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Recovery of Rare-Earth Elements from Molten Salt
Recycling waste containing rare earth has always been a research hotspot. The molten salt electrolysis process of rare-earth metals and alloys generates a large amount of waste slag, which contains high rare-earth content and, thus, has very considerable recovery value. However, the high content of fluorine in rare-earth molten salt slag brings challenges …
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Molten Salt Electrowinning of Metals and Materials
Molten salt electrolysis involves passage of electric current into molten metal halides which act as the solvent and the electrolyte (hence termed as fused salt electrolysis) to enable efficient migration of the ions to the respective counter electrodes (Thonstad 1992).Majority of the molten salt systems comprise of alkali and alkaline earth halides such …
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Electrodeposition of rare-earth elements from neodymium magnets using
Rare-earth element is an important target for recycling in Japan. In our previous work, we demonstrated the selective leaching of rare-earth elements from waste neodymium magnets using chloride molten salt electrolysis. In this study, we investigated the electrodeposition of rare-earth elements using liquid metal as a cathode. The reduction …
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Separation and Recovery of Rare Earth Metals by Molten Salt
A new process is proposed for separation and recovery of rare earth metals from wastes. This process utilizes molten salt electrolysis and an alloy diaphragm.
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Progress in preparation of rare earth metals and alloys by
Rare earth (RE) metals and their alloys have attracted considerable practical interests due to their functional properties. Because of their negative deposition potentials, RE metals cannot be electrochemically deposited from aqueous media. Using molten salt as medium provides a unique opportunity for the electrowinning and electrorefining of high-purity RE …
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