The Extraction of Copper
Chalcopyrite (also known as copper pyrites) and similar sulfide ores are the commonest ores of copper. The ores typically contain low percentages of copper and have to be concentrated before refining (e.g., via froth flotation). Figure 1: Chalcopyrite extracted from Zacatecas, Mexico. from Rob Lavinsky (iRocks) under a CC-BY-SA-3.0 license.
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Floc-Flotation of Malachite Fines with an Octyl …
Malachite fines are easily produced in the grinding process, leading to low malachite flotation recovery. Floc-flotation of malachite fines with an octyl hydroxamate and kerosene mixture was ...
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(PDF) THE STUDY OF 8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE AND
The natural malachite has been ground in the agate mortar till 2-10 m m; part of the sample obtained is used to draw the spectres I.R.; some part of the sample is treated with solution of oxyne or salicylaldoxime, followed by 52 J. Min. Met. 40A (1) (2004) The study of 8-hydrohyquinoline and salicylaldoxime action at the malachite flotation ...
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Flotation of copper oxide minerals: A review
When the pH is higher than 10, numerous hydroxide anions exist in the pulp, which can competitively adsorb with xanthate anions on the malachite surface, thus decreasing the flotation recovery of malachite. Similar to the flotation results of malachite, chrysocolla and cuprite show good floatability at pH 9 and 9.5, respectively [91], [92].
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Effect of Ammonium Sulfide on Sulfidization Flotation of Malachite …
Recently, several studies have shown the positive effect of sulfidization flotation on malachite surfaces and its enhancing methods. Therefore, this paper was focused on the effect of ammonium sulfide and sodium sulfide on the sulfidization of malachite, respectively; this was investigated using different devices such as the micro-flotation tests, Zeta potential …
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Effects of calcium ions on malachite flotation with octyl hydroxamate
The flotation recoveries of malachite as a function of CaCl 2 concentration using 8 × 10 −4 mol/L octyl hydroxamate as collector at pH 9 are shown in Fig. 1.When CaCl 2 was added prior to conditioning with collector, the flotation recovery sharply increased from 52.0% to 69.9% by the addition of 1 × 10 −4 mol/L CaCl 2.Further addition of CaCl 2 up to 1 × 10 −2 mol/L …
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Flotation
Flotation process is one of the most important process factors, which has great influence on beneficiating index. The flotation process must adapt to the nature of the treated materials, and different processes should be adopted for different materials. Reasonable process flow should ensure the best beneficiating index and the lowest production ...
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Malachite flotation using carbon black nanoparticles as …
In this paper, a novel surfactant styryl phosphonate mono-iso-octyl ester (SPE108) was first introduced as a collector for the flotation of malachite. The flotation performance of SPE108 to malachite was investigated by micro-flotation tests, which displayed that SPE108 is a stronger collector than SPA.
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Flotation separation mechanism of malachite from calcite …
As shown in Fig. 2 a, the flotation recovery of malachite was first increased and then decreased with the improvement of slurry pH value. When the slurry pH was ∼ 9.3, the flotation recovery of malachite reached the maximum value of 31.25 %. The flotation recovery of calcite had little relationship with the change in pH value, which was below 10 % throughout …
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Bioflotation of malachite using different growth phases of …
The flotation experiments demonstrated that 6 × 10⁻⁵ mol/L OCETC enabled the recovery of up to 98.24% malachite at pH 8.0. Under the same flotation conditions, OCETC exhibited comparable ...
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Sulfidization, Xanthate-Flotation of Malachite
minerals Article Reexamining the Role of Ammonium Ions in the Sulfidization, Xanthate-Flotation of Malachite Ruizeng Liu 1, Zhicheng Liu 2, Jianmin Li 3, Shunfu Ao 2, Bin Pei 1, Dianwen Liu 1,* and Jialei Li 1,* 1 Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China; liuruizeng@126 (R.L.); …
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Comminution effect on surface roughness and flotation behavior …
A 150 mL Hallimond tube equipped with a 20 μm frit and a magnetic stirrer was used to test the effect of sample roughness on malachite flotation. In each flotation, 3 g of sample (−75 + 38 µm) were conditioned for 2 min in 130 mL distilled water, and the solution was adjusted to a desired pH by using HCl or NaOH.
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How to Process Copper Ore: Beneficiation Methods and Equipment
Process flow: The dosage of sodium sulfide can reach 1~2kg/t during vulcanization. Because the film produced by vulcanization is not stable and is easy to fall off after vigorous stirring, and sodium sulfide itself is easily oxidized, sodium sulfide should be added in batches. ... Acid leaching—precipitation—flotation. Scope of application ...
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Novel application of depletion attraction in malachite flotation…
The conventional flotation on malachite involves sulphidizing the malachite surface prior to selective flotation using a sulphodryl collector such as xanthate [7]. This process is known to be effective concerning the selectivity of the malachite surface. ... and it remains largely unknown how much the fluid flow affects the malachite-bubble ...
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Effects of common ions on adsorption and flotation of malachite …
The micro-flotation results showed that calcite slime depressed malachite flotation at pH 9.5 while quartz slime does not appear to influence malachite flotation.
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Cu(I)/Cu(II) mixed-valence surface complexes of S-[(2
The micro-flotation results demonstrated HABTC was an excellent collector for malachite flotation and exhibited favorable selectivity for flotation separation of malachite from quartz or calcite under pH 8.5–10.3. ... Then the mixture was transferred to the Hallimond tube and flotation was conducted for 3 min with a nitrogen gas flow rate at ...
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Flotation behaviour of malachite in mono- and di-valent …
We investigated the influence of a salt solution on the flotation behaviour of synthetic malachite using a sodium oleate as a collector. We found that the floatability of oleate ions-adsorbed synthetic malachite monotonically increases with an increase in the overall ionic strength (IS) range (1–1000 mM) of the monovalent cation (Na +), while the floatability sharply …
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Effect of (NH4)2SO4 on eliminating the depression of excess …
Malachite is depressed during sulfidization flotation when excess sodium sulfide is added to it. Thus, this study investigated the role and mechanism of ammonium sulfate as a sulfidization promoter for eliminating the depression of excess S 2− via micro-flotation experiments, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy coupled …
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Influence of Bacterial Detachment on the Bioflotation of Malachite
The effects of the bacterial growth phase on the malachite flotation were investigated in a well-controlled Hallimond tube system. Rhodococcus opacus, which is one of representative hydrophobic ...
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Bioflotation of malachite from complex system using …
In this study, for the first time, to confirm the effect of bacterial growth phase on the malachite flotation were investigated in a well-controlled Hallimond tube system. The test results …
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A New Collector for Effectively Increasing Recovery in Copper …
A new method, staged flotation for effectively increasing the recovery of ultra-fine copper oxide ore with a new type of collector (ZH-1, C3-5 carbon chain xanthate) is proposed for the first time. The flotation process and mechanism were examined by flotation tests, entrainment rate analysis, laser particle size experiments and microscopic imagery as well as …
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Interaction mechanism of copper ions with the surface of …
Furthermore, the activity of the sulfidization products on the sulfidized mineral surface increased and sulfidization flotation of malachite was promoted. The surface of sulfidized malachite treated with a high concentration of copper ions is shown in Fig. 9 (c). The binding energy of Cu 2p 3/2 slightly changed.
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Sulfidization mechanism in malachite flotation: A …
The copper sulfide grown on malachite radically changed the surface properties of malachite particles, rendering malachite amenable to xanthate flotation. Based on these …
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Froth Flotation Process
Froth flotation column is a type of flotation device used for the separation and concentration of minerals from ore slurries. Unlike conventional flotation cells, which operate with mechanical agitation to generate air bubbles and mix the slurry, flotation columns utilize a tall vertical vessel with a continuous flow of water and air.
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Flotation activation mechanism of trithiocyanuric acid to malachite …
The results revealed that direct flotation of malachite yielded a recovery rate below 20 %. After activation with 90 mg/L sodium sulfide, the flotation recovery reached 37.87 % at pH 9.0. ... Improving the quality of crystalline particles and productivity during anti-solvent crystallization through continuous flow with high shear stress under ...
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Synthesis of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) Dec-2-en-1-One Oxime and Its Flotation
Materials. The XRD of malachite, quartz, and calcite were shown in Figure 1.The element analysis of malachite, quartz, and calcite were listed in Table 1. −75 + 38 μm fractions of single minerals were utilized in micro-flotation experiments, and −5 μm fractions were prepared for XPS measurement.Copper oxide ore from Jiangxi province in China was used in batch …
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Microscale exploration of the sulfidization flotation theory in malachite
It is well known that sulfidization agents play a crucial role in the sulfidization flotation of malachite, and it has been reported that interactions with sodium sulfide, for example, have led to alterations in the surface morphology of malachite. In this experiment, it was further investigated. Initially, malachite was immersed in ultrapure ...
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Evaluation of L-arginine as an Eco-Friendly Activator for …
Butyl xanthate and amyl xanthate are the most common collectors in malachite sulfidization flotation. In this paper, the flotation effects of the two collectors were compared, …
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OneMine | Bioflotation of Malachite from Complex System …
In this study, for the first time, to confirm the effect of bacterial growth phase on the malachite flotation were investigated in a well-controlled Hallimond tube system. The test …
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Malachite flotation using carbon black nanoparticles as …
In this study, the flotation behavior of malachite was investigated using carboxyl-functionalized carbon black nanoparticles (CB-NPs) as collectors in a hydrodynamically simplified Hallimond tube.
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