An investigation into the co-sintering process of limonitic nickel
Studies carried out by the authors show that it is possible to agglomerate chrome ore fines through sintering. The chrome ore sinter thus produced was found to be inferior in strength, comparable ...
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The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines – IspatGuru
The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines. satyendra; March 9, 2013; 9 Comments ; flux sinter, Iron ore fines, self fluxing sinter, sinter, sinter machines, Stright line machine. circular machine, super fluxed sinter,; The Sintering Process of Iron Ore Fines. Sintering plants are normally associated with the production of hot metal in blast furnaces in integrated steel pants.
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Numerical Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer …
Iron ore sintering process diagram. Researchers and software designers are both researching sintering modeling and simulation. The board's goals are to properly predict part qualities and performance and to effectively convey the importance of each process parameter [5]. Reliable models are
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A Process For Sintering Chromite Ore
Since chrome ore contains high amount of fine materials and excessive heat is generated due to exothermic reactions, so therefore, it is suggested to go for shallow bed rather than deep bed sintering option for chrome ore sintering process. WE CLAIM: 1. A process for sintering chromite ore comprising: introducing chrome ore into the sinter pot;
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A comparative study for smelting of chromite ore, pellets, briquettes
To produce desirable sinter products required by the blast furnace smelting process, sintering tests of ore mixtures made from a low grade South African chromite concentrate (Cr2O3/FeO = 1.99) and ...
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Sintering behaviours of chromite fines and the
In this paper, low-grade limonitic nickel laterite and chromite were synergistically utilized via the hybrid sintering process (i.e., pellet-sintering process) for high-quality Ni–Cr …
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Process optimization of a chrome ore gravity concentration …
Chrome ore beneficiation. Most of the chrome ores around the world are beneficiated by gravity concentration techniques. A conventional chromite ore beneficiation process plant (Figure 3) consist of two sections: > Communition (for preparing the material for the subsequent unit operations) > Concentration (classification and beneficiation).
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Mineralization Behavior and Strengthening Mechanism of …
The dehydration process of limonitic laterite ore consumes a lot of heat, which seriously affects the sintering performance and increases the solid fuel consumption of sintering. In this paper, the sintering performance and mechanism of limonitic laterite ore strengthened by a coating with calcined lime was studied. The results show that, when the …
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Numerical Modeling of the Iron Ore Sintering Process
Iron ore sintering involves the movement of a flame front down a particulate bed, and a series of physico-chemical reactions over a large temperature range.
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Hydrogen-based pre-reduction of chromite: Reduction and …
The energy consumption of both traditional sintering and Outotec ..., such as South Africa [12], India [14], and China [15], Tsingshan Group, Baosteel Group Corporation, Samancor Chrome, and Tata Steel. The off-gas ... Thus, a comprehensive explanation of the reduction process for chromite ore pellets will be provided, shedding light on its ...
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A detoxification and value-added process for chromium ore …
1. Introduction. Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a byproduct produced in chromite processing at high temperature (1000–1200 °C). 2.5–3 tons of lime-based COPR were generated per ton of chromium salt (calculated by Na 2 CrO 4) (Fu et al., 2021).Although soda roasting (less than 0.8 tons of COPR per ton of sodium dichromate) has been used to …
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Sintering Characteristic and Consolidation Behaviour of …
The objective of this study was to: (1) determine whether chrome ore is sinterable and, if so, (2) ascertain ways of achieving satisfactory properties at a low temperature of …
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v119n2a13 Recycling pre-oxidized chromite fines in the …
(typically 6 mm) chromite ore, fluxes, and reductants. Of particular interest for the present paper is the oxidative sintered pellet process, which is commercially known as the Outotec steel belt sintering process (Outotec, 2017). Various authors have previously described the oxidative sintered pellet production process
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Reduction of Pollutant Emission in Iron Ore Sintering Process …
Reduction of Pollutant Emission in Iron Ore Sintering Process by Applying Biomass Fuels. Min Gan 1), Xiaohui Fan 1), ... For green production of iron ore sintering, it is significant to substitute fossil fuels by biomass which is a kind of clean and renewable energy. In this paper, three kinds of biomass fuels such as charcoal, charred-straw ...
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Numerical Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer Behavior during Iron Ore
Accurate computational models of sintering behavior would assist to enhance sinter quality and are anticipated to play a role in yield prediction. Sintering is a vital process in the manufacturing of iron and steel. As a consequence, the primary objective of these models will be a thorough simulation of mass and heat transport during the sintering process. In this …
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Ferrochrome Smelting In Zimbabwe
raw chrome ore on the international markets, particularly on the Chinese market, the country has generally adopted the policy not to export raw chrome ores. . 2 ... During the sintering process, chromite pellets are heated to a temperature where silicates fuse, binding the chromite grains. The reactions take place in an oxidizing environment,
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Effect of bed shrinkage on iron ore sintering process
Iron ore sintering entails high energy consumption and also produces significant pollution, responsible for the highest share of CO 2 emission, as well as SO 2 and NOx emissions, in the iron and steel production processes. 5 The SO 2 and NO X emissions from this process account for ∼70% and ∼40% of the total iron and steel industry emissions, …
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Iron Ore Processing: From Extraction to Manufacturing
The crushed ore obtained from the crushing stage is typically in larger size fractions and needs to be further processed through screening. 2. Screening. Screening is the process of separating the crushed ore into various size fractions. It involves passing the crushed ore through a series of screens with different-sized openings.
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Sintering Characteristics of Indian Chrome Ore Fines
This work explores the sinterability of chrome ore. The objective of this study was to: (1) determine whether chrome ore is sinterable and, if so, (2) ascertain ways of achieving …
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Development of Chromite Sinter from Ultra-Fine Chromite …
Sintering of a mixture of chromite ore fines and flux with the optimum composition at 1600°C was carried out in; (i) resistance furnace (100-g scale), without using carbon and (ii) a pot sintering …
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A detoxification and value-added process for chromium ore …
C-bearing dust from steel industry is a kind of typically solid waste with poor surface activity. The iron ore sintering process has the potential on large-scale harmless utilization of COPR and C-bearing dust. This study proposes a new approach of co-utilizing COPR and C-bearing dust during limonitic laterite sintering process.
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Hydrogen-based pre-reduction of chromite: Reduction and …
The primary objective of the pretreatment process is to attain chromite pellets with adequate strength and a high degree of Fe metallization before entering the SAF. This is …
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Evaluation and synergy of material and energy in the smelting process …
The total mass percentage of solid material (sintered pellets, wet coke block, chrome ore block, silica) into preheating shaft kiln was 50.13%. ... steel belt sintering completed drying, heating, sintering and cooling process on one equipment. The energy loss of pellets between each process was negligible. Also, materials feed from preheating ...
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Sintering Characteristic and Consolidation Behaviour of
It was found that conventional sintering process can be applied to the agglomeration of chromite fines as well. Appropriate parameters for chromite fines sintering were 8.0% moisture, 7.0% coke breeze, 2.0% bentonite and 14 kPa sintering suction. ... Chaudhury MK, Paul J (2009) Sintering characteristics of Indian chrome ore fines. Metall Mater ...
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SINTERING AND PELLETISATION OF INDIAN IRON ORES
Emission Optimized Sintering (EOS®) for lower costs Iron ore sintering creates substantial off-gas volumes, and treating these in order to meet increasingly stringent environmental standards is expensive. EOS® uses recycling technology to reduce off-gas volumes by 40 to 50 %, resulting in smaller secondary gas treatment systems. This means:
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Sinter Quality and Process of Sintering Iron Ores – IspatGuru
Fig 1 Schematics of sinter mix and product sinter Sintering process is a generic term that is used to describe the process of agglomeration of a green mix of iron ores, fluxes and coke and plant solid wastes having a particle size of -10 mm so as to produce sinter which can withstand operating pressure and temperature conditions existing in a BF.
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Sintering Characteristic and Consolidation Behaviour of
A study on sintering of chromite fines was conducted through sintering pot test. The effect of sintering parameters including mix moisture content, coke breeze rate, bentonite …
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Sintering behaviours of chromite fines and the consolidation …
Chrome ore concentrate consists of high-temperature melting oxides such as Cr2O3, MgO, and Al2O3. ... In this paper, low-grade limonitic nickel laterite and chromite were synergistically utilized via the hybrid sintering process (i.e., pellet-sintering process) for high-quality Ni–Cr sinter …
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v119n2a13 Recycling pre-oxidized chromite fines in the …
reduction of chromite ore. The oxidative sintered pellet production process is one of the most widely applied FeCr processes. The supplier of this technology specifies that recycling of …
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Combustion mechanism of benzene in iron ore sintering process
Benzene is a typical component of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the iron ore sintering flue gas. The combustion behavior of benzene directly affects the emission of VOCs in iron ore sintering process. The effects of temperature, benzene, and oxygen concentrations on the conversion ratio of benzene were investigated by experiments and …
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